Challenges of Iranian Architecture from the Perspective of Islamic Ethics
Mohammad Bagher
Valizadeh Oqani
Department of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Tabriz, East Azarbaijan Branch, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tabriz, Iran
author
seyyed sajed
homayon
Department of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Tabriz, East Azarbaijan Branch, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tabriz, Iran
author
text
article
2021
per
The category of ethics is one of the most important pillars of the formation of architecture and urban planning that can regulate man's relationship with himself, God, others and nature. Human worldview and attitude throughout history has been one of the key factors influencing the quality of this relationship. Differences in the emergence of moral norms and values in traditional and contemporary architecture can be evidence of this claim, because it seems that paying attention to ethics is one of the factors that make a huge difference between these two types of architecture. Accordingly, the present article seeks to examine the architecture and urban planning of Iran from a moral point of view. In this regard, in order to achieve the goal, a comparative study of ethics in traditional and contemporary architecture has been done. The research method is according to descriptive method and based on library resources. Tendency to trueness, citizenship rights, beauty, justice, cooperation, thrift, lessons and advice, attention to the environment, privacy and above all, peace, security and human dignity are among the items that have been taken into account in this study. Findings show that one of the serious threats to contemporary Iranian architecture and urban planning is the lack of attention to the ethical values and principles on which traditional architecture and urban planning had been based. The weakening of moral principles in contemporary architecture has led to threats in various fields such as crises in environment, energy, etc., and following these crises, human life and peace have been also faced problems.
Building Engineering & Housing Science
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-8736
14
v.
1
no.
2021
1
11
https://behs.bhrc.ac.ir/article_140255_f9e0706fff816ee87dea8d57e0f9bdeb.pdf
Physical and Thermal Properties of Lightweight Mortars with Expanded Clay and Perlite and Pumice Aggregates
sohrab
veiseh
Head of Building Materials and Products Department, Building and Housing Research Center
author
text
article
2021
per
Lightweight mortar is a mixture of cement, lightweight aggregate and water. If necessary, additives are added to achieve the desired properties. In this study, different lightweight aggregates including Pumice natural lightweight aggregates as well as synthetic lightweight aggregates including expanded clay and expanded perlite were used in preparing lightweight mortar samples. First, the quality of materials used in light mortar was evaluated. Then, the physical and thermal properties and other properties of different types of lightweight mortar samples made with different aggregates were investigated. Laboratory tests were then carried out to determine the physical- mechanical and thermal properties of these mortars with different materials and compositions. The results of the tests were evaluated and the optimal proportion was selected. Experiments showed that depending on the type and amount of the lightweight aggregates used, mechanical strength, the thermal conductivity, water absorption and capillary water absorption coefficient of the mortars were affected. The thermal conductivity of all selected mortars is lower than the thermal conductivity of the control sample (sand- cement). The reduction of thermal conductivity varies from 75 to 92% compared to the control sample.
Building Engineering & Housing Science
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-8736
14
v.
1
no.
2021
13
19
https://behs.bhrc.ac.ir/article_140257_18b29e6f54a112253a080f8bc0f19781.pdf
Landslide Hazard and Risk Zonation Maps Procedure in Part of Taleghan Area
Ata
Aghaei Araei
faculty member of bhrc
author
Saeid
Hashemi Tabatabaei
Building and Housing Research Center, Department of Geotechnics, fACULTY MEMBER
author
AmirsaeidAmirsaeid
Salamat
Expert,Geoetechnics Department, Road,Housing & Urban Development Research Center.
author
Seyed Mahmoud
Fatemi Aghda
Professor / Kharazmi University
author
text
article
2021
per
Landslide hazard and risk maps preparation method by conducting a case study (part of Taleghan area) has been provided in this paper. To achieve this goal, various data such as, aerial and satellite photos, topographical and geological maps, domestic data, geographical and meteorological data of the studied area were collected. Specific parameters including slope angle, slope direction, distance from drainage channels, distance from fault and lithology were considered. Landslide hazard map was prepared using data value information method. Results depicted areas located in the North East, some places in Central and South West parts have low to very low hazard potential. Although, most parts of the study area have medium to high landslide hazard potential. In case of landslide occurrence in Taleghan area, all elements at risk are limited to the residential places, roads, rivers, reservoir and power lines. Based on field studies all elements and various land uses have different importance in different aspects. These differences were considered to prepare risk map. To this end, elements at risks were identified and rated according to their importance. Results indicated drainage and roads have lower risk potential. Power lines have medium, villages and reservoir are at higher risk.
Building Engineering & Housing Science
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-8736
14
v.
1
no.
2021
21
29
https://behs.bhrc.ac.ir/article_140264_4c083b6a66e9eadac8dacc106b6978bf.pdf
Localization of Transit-Oriented Development Policy in Iran, from Concept to Reality
mahta
mirmoghtadaee
faculty member of Road, Housing and Urban Development Research Center
author
Sanaz
Haghshenas
Faculty member of Architecture Department of Islamic Azad University Tehran East Branch
author
text
article
2021
per
Transit-oriented development policy has been in place in North America since the 1990s. This approach was considered in Iran in a relatively short period of time compared to North America in the late 1370s. The first experience of the executive field was in Tehran Municipality and in the form of station complex projects with the aim of financing the metro development of this city. For this reason, experts and administrators still consider this approach to be synonymous with the construction of a station complex next to transit stations (especially subways). In the early 1390s and after the merger of the two Ministries of Roads and Transportation and Housing and Urban Development, this approach was first proposed as rail-based urban development with the aim of synergy of railway stations and urban fabric, which quickly became a more comprehensive issue of transit oriented development. This time the main goal was to solve the problem of mobility in cities and to deal with the car-oriented policies. Thus, several documents were approved by the Supreme Council of Urban Planning and Architecture, the most important of which was the document and the National Guideline for transit oriented development. The present article, based on the review method and due to the lack of access to resources that show the mentioned records in the field of planning and policy, deals with the history and process of these developments in Iran and finally an analysis of the current situation has been offered.
Building Engineering & Housing Science
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-8736
14
v.
1
no.
2021
31
42
https://behs.bhrc.ac.ir/article_140265_9f17c418569fc4294b0dc620064bcfde.pdf
Implementation and Analysis of Smart Control System of Building Lighting Index In Order To Achieve a Smart City
Mehdi
Jafari Vardanjani
Department of Manufacturing and Production, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, Iran
author
Maliheh
Izadi
Department of Urban planning, Faculty of Geography and Planning, University of Isfahan, Iran
author
Afzal
Ravangard
Department of Manufacturing and Production, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2021
per
Since the building is one of the basic components of the city, implementing the concept of smart city requires a fundamental effort to prepare all types of buildings and related organizations for conforming to the smart mechanisms. This goal would not be possible without reforming and reorganizing the main factors of the smart city, including managing energy consumption, improving the level of technology, and connecting different systems in it. One of the cases of smart city is the issue of comfort indices including adjusting and maintaining optimal lighting in a building to optimize energy consumption. Thus, the main purpose of this study is to provide a smart system for monitoring and controlling the lighting index in order to achieve a smart city. In this regard, the proposed system in the present paper is presented in two phases. The first phase is related to data collection and implementation of the monitoring unit. In the second phase, the function of the control system is analyzed in order to optimally adjust the desired lighting index, and the performance of the provided software is tested based on the proposed algorithm. According to the obtained results, the result of system performance to optimize and reduce energy consumption required to adjust the brightness of the test area, has been accepted, while maintaining the desired brightness index (83%), reducing power consumption as a result of system implementation. The presented smart is seen on average 1.75 times.
Building Engineering & Housing Science
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-8736
14
v.
1
no.
2021
43
50
https://behs.bhrc.ac.ir/article_140267_386b3d8b3d56fbc727f9ff259782ee80.pdf
Evaluation and Comparative Study on the Components Affecting the Formation of Sense of Belonging in the Old and New Contexts of Tabriz
zahra
norouzi zadeh
Payam Noor University, East Tehran Branch
author
Fatemeh
Bayat
Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
author
Sepideh
Besharati Kivi
Department of Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan
author
Amir Reza
Rohani
Department of Architecture & Urbanism, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
author
Rashin
Hamidi
Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Rudehen Branch, Tehran
author
Negin
Hamidi
Department of Architecture, Aria University of Science and Sustainability
author
Nafiseh
Zare
Department of Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University of Tabriz Branch
author
text
article
2021
per
Today, following the physical development of cities and the expansion of human communication in them, attention to residential areas as one of the essential issues in organizing cities is increasingly considered. One of the solutions in this category is to evaluate the sense of belonging of residents as one of the effective factors in the relationship between humans and the environment. Although researches have been done evaluating the sense of belonging in Iran, it seems that the evaluation of the sense of belonging in the old and new urban contexts has been completely and coherently neglected. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the components of spatial belonging and its comparative study in the two old and new contexts of Tabriz in Baghmisheh and Rushdieh neighborhoods. For this purpose, by descriptive-analytical method and by searching in previous studies, the components affecting this quality have been studied and explained and the proposed model has been presented. Then, 100 questionnaires were completed and analyzed among the residents of Baghmisheh and Rushdieh neighborhoods of Tabriz. The results of SPSS show that in the comparative comparison of factors between the two studied issues, belonging to the place in the old texture of Tabriz is more than the new texture. The results also indicate that in the old context, social interactions between residents are the strongest factor affecting the formation of their sense of belonging. Meanwhile, social security was identified as the strongest factor influencing the formation of place ownership in Rushdieh neighborhood.
Building Engineering & Housing Science
مرکز تحقیقات راه، مسکن و شهرسازی
1735-8736
14
v.
1
no.
2021
51
60
https://behs.bhrc.ac.ir/article_140268_1ac1309b64fda21733a87de3fd519196.pdf